![]() NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. Scala Server-side scripts Stored procedures Transact SQL. ![]() ![]() no Secondary indexes yes yes no SQL Support of SQL yes yes standard with numerous extensions SQL-like DML and DDL statements APIs and other access methods ADO.NET yes yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. Windows Data scheme yes yes yes Typing predefined data types such as float or date yes yes yes XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. Implementation language C++ C Scala Server operating systems Linux ![]() Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. Vector DBMS with pgvector extension DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems Trend Chart Score 903.83 Rank #3 Overall #3 Relational DBMS Score 650.90 Rank #4 Overall #4 Relational DBMS Score 18.87 Rank #36 Overall #22 Relational DBMS Website /sql Technical documentation /en-US/sql/sql-server /docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html Developer Microsoft PostgreSQL Global Development Group Apache Software Foundation Initial release 1989 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL 2014 Current release SQL Server 2022, November 2022 16.1, November 2023 3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023 License Commercial or Open Source commercial restricted free version is available Open Source BSD Open Source Apache 2.0 Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service no no no DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Relational DBMS Secondary database models Document store Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. Editorial information provided by DB-Engines Name Microsoft SQL Server X exclude from comparison PostgreSQL X exclude from comparison Spark SQL X exclude from comparison Description Microsofts flagship relational DBMS Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing Primary database model Relational DBMS Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Please select another system to include it in the comparison. Spark SQL System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs.
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